| Selector |
Example |
Example description |
.class |
.intro |
Selects all elements with class="intro" |
.class1.class2 |
.name1.name2 |
Selects all elements with both name1 and name2
set within its class attribute |
.class1 .class2 |
.name1 .name2 |
Selects all elements with name2 that is a
descendant of an element with name1 |
#id |
#firstname |
Selects the element with id="firstname" |
* |
* |
Selects all elements |
element |
p |
Selects all <p> elements |
element.class |
p.intro |
Selects all <p> elements with class="intro" |
element,element |
div, p |
Selects all <div> elements and all <p>
elements |
element
element |
div p |
Selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements |
element>element |
div > p |
Selects all <p> elements where the parent is a
<div> element |
element+element |
div + p |
Selects all <p> elements that are placed immediately
after <div> elements |
element1~element2 |
p ~ ul |
Selects every <ul> element that are preceded by a
<p> element |
[attribute] |
[target] |
Selects all elements with a target attribute |
[attribute=value] |
[target=_blank] |
Selects all elements with target="_blank" |
[attribute~=value] |
[title~=flower] |
Selects all elements with a title attribute containing the
word "flower" |
[attribute|=value] |
[lang|=en] |
Selects all elements with a lang attribute value starting
with "en" |
[attribute^=value] |
a[href^="https"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value
begins with "https" |
[attribute$=value] |
a[href$=".pdf"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value
ends with ".pdf" |
[attribute*=value] |
a[href*="w3schools"] |
Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value
contains the substring "w3schools" |
:active |
a:active |
Selects the active link |
::after |
p::after |
Insert something after the content of each <p>
element |
::before |
p::before |
Insert something before the content of each <p>
element |
:checked |
input:checked |
Selects every checked <input> element |
:default |
input:default |
Selects the default <input> element |
:disabled |
input:disabled |
Selects every disabled <input> element |
:empty |
p:empty |
Selects every <p> element that has no children
(including text nodes) |
:enabled |
input:enabled |
Selects every enabled <input> element |
:first-child |
p:first-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the first child of
its parent |
::first-letter |
p::first-letter |
Selects the first letter of every <p> element |
::first-line |
p::first-line |
Selects the first line of every <p> element |
:first-of-type |
p:first-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the first
<p> element of its parent |
:focus |
input:focus |
Selects the input element which has focus |
:hover |
a:hover |
Selects links on mouse over |
:in-range |
input:in-range |
Selects input elements with a value within a specified
range |
:indeterminate |
input:indeterminate |
Selects input elements that are in an indeterminate state |
:invalid |
input:invalid |
Selects all input elements with an invalid value |
:lang(language) |
p:lang(it) |
Selects every <p> element with a lang attribute
equal to "it" (Italian) |
:last-child |
p:last-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the last child of
its parent |
:last-of-type |
p:last-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the last <p>
element of its parent |
:link |
a:link |
Selects all unvisited links |
:not(selector) |
:not(p) |
Selects every element that is not a <p> element |
:nth-child(n) |
p:nth-child(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second child
of its parent |
:nth-last-child(n) |
p:nth-last-child(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second child
of its parent, counting from the last child |
:nth-last-of-type(n) |
p:nth-last-of-type(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second
<p> element of its parent, counting from the last
child |
:nth-of-type(n) |
p:nth-of-type(2) |
Selects every <p> element that is the second
<p> element of its parent |
:only-of-type |
p:only-of-type |
Selects every <p> element that is the only <p>
element of its parent |
:only-child |
p:only-child |
Selects every <p> element that is the only child of
its parent |
:optional |
input:optional |
Selects input elements with no "required" attribute |
:out-of-range |
input:out-of-range |
Selects input elements with a value outside a specified
range |
::placeholder |
input::placeholder |
Selects input elements with placeholder text |
:read-only |
input:read-only |
Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute
specified |
:read-write |
input:read-write |
Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute NOT
specified |
:required |
input:required |
Selects input elements with the "required" attribute
specified |
:root |
:root |
Selects the document's root element |
::selection |
::selection |
Selects the portion of an element that is selected by a
user |
:target |
#news:target |
Selects the current active #news element (clicked on a URL
containing that anchor name) |
:valid |
input:valid |
Selects all input elements with a valid value |
